Mythbusters Recap: Archimedes Death Ray

Archimedes Burn-Off. The original ancient death ray episode generated so much rebuttal from fans that the team dedicated an entire episode to revisiting this one myth. So after reviewing a whole stack of DVDs submitted by fans, two teams are selected to come to San Francisco for the small-scale burn off to see if they can set something afire at five feet.

The guys have a small parabolic mirror that works well (nine seconds!), but it doesn't work at five feet. The girls do okay but it takes a couple minutes, and they don't work at five feet either. So both teams have 24 hours to come up with new rigs. Neither team does all that well, but the guys do manage to set the hemp material on fire and are declared the victors.

One guy is invited for the large scale burn-off, to set something afire at 100 feet, but his massive mirror is busted up during shipping so we never get to see it in action. Adam also builds a disco death ray from an old satellite dish and it seems to do pretty well but it doesn't go five feet either, so he is disqualified too.

Luckily it seems that some students at MIT were inspired by the last episode and they managed to set a small boat replica afire with some mirrors, so some people from MIT are invited to help setup a larger test with 300 bronze mirrors to see if it works. They get lots of smoke but they can't do it at the full distance and only get fire at 75 feet, which is half what they wanted.

In the end, there are seven reasons why this myth is Busted:

  • The Compass
    In San Francisco the noonday sun generated 450 degrees of heat from 300 bronze mirrors at 140 feet (the distance of an arrow shot). If Archimedes had tried this, the sun would have been weaker, producing even less of a result.
  • The Weather
    Clouds can render the weapon useless. Are you going to carry more than 300 mirrors into battle on the off chance that it will rain that day?
  • Roman Boats Were Moving
    It's a great choice if your opponent will come close enough to you that you can focus the beam and then not come any closer. But like the weather, those aren't very good odds.
  • "Inflammable" Sails
    The sails being mostly light-colored reflects the heat, plus their movement in the wind means they don't even smoke, much less catch fire, so they aren't a good choice.
  • History
    The history books don't mention fire for 800 years, and no mirrors or "death rays" are mentioned for nearly 1200 years.
  • Scale
    You need some 300 mirrors to produce smoke. How many are required to create fire again?
  • Alternative Weapons
    Even a novice archer can fire an arrow 300 feet or so. Set one of those on fire and alleviate the need for all those mirrors (and the people to aim them, the time to set them and the need to tell the other boat to stand still while you do so).

Hopefully this will satisfy everyone. But I'm sure there are some who will still complain about something that was missed along the way.

It's also notable that serving on the girls team is future Myth-tern Jess Nelson.

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Comments

I watched the bumbling clowns of myth busters try in vain to copy Archimedes.

I thought they should have done better.

The reports are sketchy but I believe that it was a set of 80 shield sized mirrors each wth their own operator.

I recented watched a doco on ancient weapons in which a movie of an attempt in about 1935 used such a system and found that it worked well enough to be a very affective weapon.

The light was so bright the crew would be blinded instantly.

Smoke appeared in seconds and flame in about a minute and a half.

I have been doing a search on the net and can't find a reference to this old movie. I am still looking.

cheers

It's an interesting concept, to be sure. I think the idea of blinding the crew is a better one than setting fire to a boat (or any moving object).

The problem being that in order to get 80 people standing still enough to focus something for a few seconds is difficult, then compound that by having that something moving for a minute and a half.

Even if the crew is blinded, the boat will still be moving. It's unlikely is all.

Now if the crew is blinded, you could easily board the ship, do what you want, and set fire to the thing, and say what you will about your "weapon". That's a different story entirely...

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